SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH THE SEVERITY AND DURATION OF DISEASE

Mahajan, Rahul; Kaur, Navpreet

Scholarly Article

SERUM URIC ACID LEVELS IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH THE SEVERITY AND DURATION OF DISEASE

Mahajan, Rahul, Kaur, Navpreet

2026-06-10 · International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research · Sumathi Publications

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Abstract

Hypertension is a leading cause of cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality. Emerging evidence suggests thatserum uric acid (SUA) may contribute to the pathogenesis of essential hypertension through endothelial dysfunction andoxidative stress, yet population-based data from North India, particularly Punjab, remain limited. To measure serum uricacid levels in patients with essential hypertension and to examine their association with the severity and duration ofdisease. This hospital-based, cross-sectional, observational study enrolled 100 patients older than 18 years with essentialhypertension diagnosed according to JNC VII criteria at the Department of Medicine, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. Patientswere categorised by severity (Stage I and Stage II) and by disease duration (fewer than 5 years and more than 5 years).Those with secondary hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, renal disease, or conditions and drugs known to affect SUAwere excluded. Serum uric acid was measured by the uricase-PAP end-point method. The mean age was50.88 ± 13.65 years and 72% of participants were male. The mean SUA was 6.04 ± 1.55 mg/dl (range 3.20-9.50 mg/dl),and hyperuricaemia (SUA > 6.8 mg/dl) was present in 35%. SUA increased significantly with advancing age (p < 0.001).Patients with Stage II hypertension had significantly higher SUA than those with Stage I disease (6.45 ± 1.65 vs5.21 ± 0.86 mg/dl; p < 0.001), and patients with a disease duration exceeding 5 years had higher levels than those withshorter-duration disease (6.96 ± 1.21 vs 5.22 ± 1.36 mg/dl; p < 0.001). No significant sex difference was observed. Serumuric acid is significantly associated with both the severity and the duration of essential hypertension. Routine SUAestimation may serve as a useful adjunct for cardiovascular and renal risk stratification in hypertensive patients.

Keywords

Essential hypertension, Serum uric acid, Hyperuricaemia, Cardiovascular risk, Severity of hypertension, Duration of hypertension.

Citation Details

International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 151-158